Compare thermodilution cardiac output via a pulmonary artery catheter with esophageal Doppler in terms of invasiveness and accuracy.

Compare thermodilution cardiac output via a pulmonary artery catheter with esophageal Doppler in terms of invasiveness and accuracy.

• A. Thermodilution via PAC is invasive and accurate; Esophageal Doppler is less invasive and operator-dependent but provides continuous CO estimates.
• B. Thermodilution is noninvasive.
• C. Esophageal Doppler is more invasive than PAC.
• D. Esophageal Doppler uses radiography.

Answer: (A)